Churchill supported a group of Polish resistance leaders who had an office in London. Roosevelt and Churchill believed strongly that the Polish people should have the right to choose their own leaders after the war.
Hitler's invasion of Poland in nineteen thirty-nine had started the war. Now, differences between the Allies became more serious. But Churchill, Stalin and other leaders already were trying to shape the world that would follow the war. Roosevelt continued to call on the world to wait until the last bullet was fired before deciding what would come next. They knew they must fight together to defeat their common enemy.īut this unity faded as Allied troops marched toward the German border. Washington, London and Moscow were united during the early years of the war because of military need. The Soviet Union would occupy the eastern part while Britain, France and the United States would occupy the west. And the Allies agreed to divide Germany into different parts after the war for a temporary period. They arranged for new international economic organizations - the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Later, the Allies made further plans for the new United Nations. However, the three leaders also considered political questions such as the future of Germany, eastern Europe and East Asia. They met in Tehran in late nineteen forty-three mainly to discuss the military situation. Instead, they reached several agreements, including on a plan to establish a new organization called the United Nations.įinally, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met together for the first time. These differences were not discussed much as the foreign ministers of Britain, the Soviet Union and the United States gathered in Moscow in nineteen forty-three. And it was supporting communist fighters in Yugoslavia and Greece. The Soviet Union was making clear its desire to keep political control over Poland. On the other hand, shadows of future problems could already be seen. On the one hand, Hitler's invasion deep into the Soviet Union had forced Josef Stalin and other Soviet leaders to make victory over the Germans their most important goal. Relations between the Soviet Union and the western Allies were mixed. And the Soviet Union had its own interests to protect along its borders and in other areas. It did not share the same history or political system as the United States or Britain. The Soviet Union was a communist country. But in general, the friendship between Roosevelt and Churchill, and between the United States and Britain, led the two nations to cooperate closely. And Churchill resisted Roosevelt's suggestions that Britain give up some of its colonies. For example, they disagreed about when to attack Hitler’s forces in western Europe. The governments in Washington and London did not always agree. The three major Allies were the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. In January of nineteen forty-two, twenty-six of the Allied nations signed an agreement promising to fight for the goals of peace, religious freedom, human rights and justice. The United States and Great Britain were the most powerful of the nations that joined together as allies to resist Germany's Adolf Hitler and his Axis partners. But Churchill reportedly answered, "The prime minister of Great Britain has nothing to hide from the president of the United States." Roosevelt immediately apologized to the British leader. But the president was shocked to see Churchill coming from the bathroom with no clothes on. Roosevelt went into Churchill's room in the morning to say hello. Hopkins remembered how Churchill was visiting Roosevelt at the White House one day. But the closeness of their friendship might be seen best in a story told by one of Roosevelt's close advisers, Harry Hopkins. They met many times, at large international gatherings and in private talks. Roosevelt and Churchill exchanged more than one thousand seven hundred letters and messages over a period of five and a half years. However, as they worked together during the Second World War, they came to like and trust each other. But neither man remembered much about that meeting. Roosevelt and Churchill first met when they were lower-level officials during World War One. Both leaders also shared a love of history and nature, and the sea.
They were both born to wealthy families, and they were both active in politics for many years. Roosevelt was president of the United States Churchill was prime minister of Britain.
But rarely have two leaders worked together with as much friendship and cooperation as Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill did.
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History is full of examples of leaders joining together to meet common goals. STEVE EMBER: Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA Special English.
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